HySenSe: A Hyper-Sensitive and High-Fidelity Vision-Based Tactile Sensor

In this paper, to address the sensitivity and durability trade-off of Vision-based Tactile Sensor (VTSs), we introduce a hyper-sensitive and high-fidelity VTS called HySenSe. We demonstrate that by solely changing one step during the fabrication of the gel layer of the GelSight sensor (as the most well-known VTS), we can substantially improve its sensitivity and durability. Our experimental results clearly demonstrate the outperformance of the HySenSe compared with a similar GelSight sensor in detecting textural details of various objects under identical experimental conditions and low interaction forces (<= 1.5 N).Comment: Accepted to IEEE Sensors 2022 Conferenc

Classification of Colorectal Cancer Polyps via Transfer Learning and Vision-Based Tactile Sensing

In this study, to address the current high earlydetection miss rate of colorectal cancer (CRC) polyps, we explore the potentials of utilizing transfer learning and machine learning (ML) classifiers to precisely and sensitively classify the type of CRC polyps. Instead of using the common colonoscopic images, we applied three different ML algorithms on the 3D textural image outputs of a unique vision-based surface tactile sensor (VS-TS). To collect realistic textural images of CRC polyps for training the utilized ML classifiers and evaluating their performance, we first designed and additively manufactured 48 types of realistic polyp phantoms with different hardness, type, and textures. Next, the performance of the used three ML algorithms in classifying the type of fabricated polyps was quantitatively evaluated using various statistical metrics.Comment: Accepted to IEEE Sensors 2022 Conferenc

Towards Reliable Colorectal Cancer Polyps Classification via Vision Based Tactile Sensing and Confidence-Calibrated Neural Networks

In this study, toward addressing the over-confident outputs of existing artificial intelligence-based colorectal cancer (CRC) polyp classification techniques, we propose a confidence-calibrated residual neural network. Utilizing a novel vision-based tactile sensing (VS-TS) system and unique CRC polyp phantoms, we demonstrate that traditional metrics such as accuracy and precision are not sufficient to encapsulate model performance for handling a sensitive CRC polyp diagnosis. To this end, we develop a residual neural network classifier and address its over-confident outputs for CRC polyps classification via the post-processing method of temperature scaling. To evaluate the proposed method, we introduce noise and blur to the obtained textural images of the VS-TS and test the model's reliability for non-ideal inputs through reliability diagrams and other statistical metrics

Single-cell transcriptomics of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (iCC) reveals novel tumor epithelial-stromal interactions

https://openworks.mdanderson.org/sumexp21/1093/thumbnail.jp

Racial Disparities in Preoperative Chemotherapy Use in Gastric Cancer Patients in the United States: Analysis of National Cancer Database 2006-2014

PURPOSE No studies have investigated whether race/ethnicity is associated with the recommended use of preoperative chemotherapy or subsequent outcomes in gastric cancer. To determine whether there is such an association, we conducted analyses of gastric cancer patients in the National Cancer Database. METHODS Patients with clinical T2-4bN0-1M0 gastric adenocarcinoma, as defined by the American Joint Committee on Cancer staging manual, 8th edition, who underwent gastrectomy during 2006 through 2014 were identified from the National Cancer Database. Multiple logistic regression was conducted to examine factors associated with preoperative chemotherapy use. RESULTS We identified 16,945 patients who met study criteria, of whom 8,286 (49%) underwent preoperative chemotherapy. The use of preoperative chemotherapy remarkably increased over the study period, from 34% in 2006 to 65% in 2014. Preoperative chemotherapy was more commonly used in cardia tumors than in non-cardia tumors (83% vs. 44%, in 2014). On multivariable analysis, races/ethnicities other than non-Hispanic white were associated with less frequent use of preoperative chemotherapy compared with non-Hispanic white after adjustment for social/tumor/hospital factors. Insurance status, education level, and treatment at non-academic hospital mediated an enhanced effect of racial/ethnic disparity in preoperative chemotherapy use. Use of preoperative chemotherapy and radiation therapy was associated with reduced racial/ethnic disparity in overall survival. CONCLUSION Racial/ethnic disparity in the use of preoperative chemotherapy and outcomes exists among gastric cancer patients in the United States